{"id":2125,"date":"2020-11-26T14:04:41","date_gmt":"2020-11-26T11:04:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/?p=2125"},"modified":"2024-04-11T14:06:49","modified_gmt":"2024-04-11T11:06:49","slug":"heybeliada-sanatoryumu-hikayesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/2020\/11\/26\/heybeliada-sanatoryumu-hikayesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Heybeliada Sanatoryumu hikayesi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Heybeliada Sanatoryumu, 15 Kas\u0131m 1924’te a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, 16 yatakl\u0131, olduk\u00e7a m\u00fctevazi bir sa\u011fl\u0131k tesisinden ibaretti. O d\u00f6nemde t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz (verem) hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, veba, frengi ve kolera gibi korkun\u00e7 hastal\u0131klar aras\u0131nda \u00fcnl\u00fcyd\u00fc. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde AIDS, kanser ve korona vir\u00fcs\u00fc neyse, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte verem de o derecede ciddi bir sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunuydu. Verem kelimesi, o kadar olumsuz \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131mlara yol a\u00e7ard\u0131 ki, insanlar bu hastal\u0131ktan ad\u0131yla s\u00f6z etmekten \u00e7ekinirdi. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir verem hastas\u0131, durumu hakk\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, “Ci\u011ferlerimde duman var,” derdi. Hastal\u0131\u011fa, “ince hastal\u0131k” da denirdi ve verem hastalar\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcmden \u00e7ok, hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n duyulmas\u0131ndan korkard\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta, veremin bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 bir hastal\u0131k oldu\u011fu bilinmiyordu. Yak\u0131n zamana kadar, hatta belki g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bile, halk aras\u0131nda veremin \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131l\u0131yordu. “Kara sevda,” veremin ba\u015fl\u0131ca sebebi say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Umutsuz a\u015f\u0131klar, birbirlerine kanl\u0131 mendiller g\u00f6sterirdi. Bu, “Senin i\u00e7in kan kusuyorum,” anlam\u0131na gelirdi. Bu y\u00fczden, t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz ge\u00e7mi\u015fte en romantik hastal\u0131k olarak kabul edilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n belirtileri aras\u0131nda bitkinlik, i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k, kilo kayb\u0131, h\u0131zl\u0131 yorulma, kesik kesik \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck ve geceleri artan ate\u015fle gelen terlemeler bulunurdu. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ileri a\u015famalar\u0131nda, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fckle birlikte hastan\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131ndan kan gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, art\u0131k \u00e7ok ge\u00e7 oldu\u011fu kabul edilirdi. 1882’de Robert Koch, vereme neden olan mikrobu (basili) ke\u015ffetmi\u015f ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n solunum yoluyla bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ancak “streptomisin” adl\u0131 antibiyoti\u011fin 1950’lerdeki ke\u015ffine kadar, verem fakir zengin ayr\u0131m\u0131 yapmaks\u0131z\u0131n yay\u0131lmaya devam etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O y\u0131llarda, \u00e7am kokusu, deniz havas\u0131 ve bol g\u0131da t\u00fcketimi gibi unsurlar\u0131n vereme iyi geldi\u011fine dair bir inan\u0131\u015f vard\u0131. Bu nedenle, Avrupa’da uygun yerlerde sanatoryumlar kurulmu\u015ftu. Bu \u00f6zel hastanelerin temel ilkesi, huzurlu bir ortamda tam istirahat ve d\u00fczenli, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenmeydi. Sosyeteden vereme yakalananlar, \u015fifa bulmak i\u00e7in bu tesislere giderdi, ancak \u00e7o\u011fu zaman yine de hastal\u0131ktan kurtulamazd\u0131. \u0130svi\u00e7re’nin Davos Sanatoryumu, en \u00fcnl\u00fc ve en \u00e7ok tercih edileniydi. Ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fc Avrupa’ya gitmeye yetmeyenler ise, Davos’un mikro-iklimine \u00e7ok benzeyen Heybeliada’ya y\u00f6nelirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Heybeliada’n\u0131n havas\u0131n\u0131n Davos’a benzedi\u011fini ilk fark eden, Hac\u0131 Sami Bey ad\u0131nda uzun boylu, zay\u0131f, k\u00f6se sakall\u0131 biriydi. 1895’te, bir bahar sabah\u0131 Heybeliada’ya gitti\u011finde, adan\u0131n havas\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve hafifli\u011fini hemen hissetti. Bu deneyim \u00fczerine, adada bir ev kiralay\u0131p ailesiyle birlikte yerle\u015fti. Ancak, Hac\u0131 Sami Bey de sonunda vereme yenik d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Heybeliada Sanatoryumu’nun kurulu\u015fu ve geli\u015fimine katk\u0131da bulunan bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli ki\u015fi Dr. Server K\u00e2mil’di. Uzun y\u0131llar \u00e7aba sarf ederek yetkililerin dikkatini \u00e7eken K\u00e2mil, nihayet 15 A\u011fustos 1924’te sanatoryumun kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. \u0130lk ba\u015fta sadece 16 yata\u011f\u0131 olan sanatoryum, zamanla geni\u015fleyerek daha fazla hastaya hizmet vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Sanatoryum, t\u00fcberk\u00fclozla m\u00fccadelede \u00f6nemli bir merkez haline geldi ve T\u00fcrkiye’deki veremle m\u00fccadelede b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rol oynad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak, zamanla sanatoryumun durumu k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fti. Yolsuzluk iddialar\u0131, personelde azalan motivasyon ve yetersiz finansman gibi sorunlar, sanatoryumun kalitesinin d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden oldu. 17 A\u011fustos 1999 depremi, zaten zor durumdaki sanatoryuma son darbeyi vurdu ve binada derin \u00e7atlaklar olu\u015ftu. Sanatoryum, nihayet 30 Eyl\u00fcl 2005’te kapand\u0131 ve 2009’da \u00e7\u0131kan \u015f\u00fcpheli bir yang\u0131nla daha da harap hale geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u0131llar s\u00fcren bo\u015fluk ve bak\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sonras\u0131, sanatoryumun muhte\u015fem arazisi, yeni sahiplerini beklerken, tesisin eski ihti\u015fam\u0131 yaln\u0131zca tarih sayfalar\u0131nda kald\u0131. Sanatoryumun hikayesi, t\u0131bbi ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n ve toplumsal m\u00fccadelenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, yozla\u015fma ve ihmalin de tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Heybeliada Sanatoryumu, 15 Kas\u0131m 1924’te a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, 16 yatakl\u0131, olduk\u00e7a m\u00fctevazi bir sa\u011fl\u0131k tesisinden ibaretti. O d\u00f6nemde t\u00fcberk\u00fcloz (verem) hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, veba, frengi ve kolera gibi korkun\u00e7 hastal\u0131klar aras\u0131nda \u00fcnl\u00fcyd\u00fc. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde AIDS, kanser ve korona vir\u00fcs\u00fc neyse, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte verem de o derecede ciddi bir sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunuydu. Verem kelimesi, o kadar olumsuz \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131mlara yol a\u00e7ard\u0131 ki, insanlar bu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2124,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[114,117,116],"class_list":{"0":"post-2125","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-genel","8":"tag-heybeliada-sanatoryumu","9":"tag-saglik","10":"tag-tuberkuloz"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2125","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2125"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2125\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2127,"href":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2125\/revisions\/2127"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2124"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2125"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2125"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sanatoryumgonulluleri.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}